An Overview of Enterprise Resource Planning and Computer Technology

Over the years, computers have become the main foundation in establishing the digital age. They can be used for both personal and business-related matters. In addition, their versatility has allowed users to expand its functions, to such an extent, that computers have become indispensable in everyday life. A computer can be used for entertainment, communication, company-related matters, personal organization, and so on. For company operations, the computer is the central platform for relaying tasks throughout the company.

The relationship between computers and business processes encompasses the smallest to the most ambitious tasks. In most business processes, the smallest units are tackled first before the expanding to include the more ambitious projects. In the modern world, business processes are often streamlined by computer-based systems.

For instance, if a small fruit stand decides to expand its business to include produce grown on fruit farms, then more efficient electronic business process needs to be conceived and implemented to ensure that the business expands, and remains organized and profitable.

A small or medium sized company may not need a complicated workflow to sustain their business operations, but once growth reaches unprecedented levels, it is essential to establish coherent workflow systems. Most small companies get by with just one or two computers for relaying simple tasks. These computers usually have business software installed, such as office suites, for making reports and audits. Simple passwords for user accounts are also embedded for security purposes.

For the first-tier order, tasks like accounting, human resources, and financial management are relayed accordingly.

Companies that enter this stage may require more efficient and comprehensive customer relationship management systems and enterprise resource planning systems. The Sage Timberline Office tool is suitable for accurate data collection. What's even better is that several business tools are included in the software.

Once the company has expanded its business operations significantly, and becomes a major player in the industry, multiple computer units across an expanded network are often required. Internet integration is the sharing of information among the users for more effective business coordination. In some cases, units can share Sage Timberline software to facilitate enterprise resource planning. Some companies also have their own websites for making online transactions.

For bigger businesses, tasks as diverse as marketing, accounting, project management, and managing payroll are essentially divided to separate departments. Using Internet integration and Sage Timberline Estimating applications, the departments are able to successfully and efficiently communicate with each other, and accomplish all the required tasks.

Computer's Hardware

U.S.B flash driver is a wonderful invention. The U.S.B drivers can store up to 256 G.B of information in a single U.S.B flash driver. Its like a ton of data storage space that fits inside something in the size of your thumb. Technology is a great thing in the world and now a days many peoples use their U.S.B flash drivers.

The size and the cost of the U.S.B flash driver is varied. The cost of the U.S.B flash driver also not higher. The cost of the U.S.B flash driver varies from .99 to 9.00, it may be higher than this price it depends upon the storage size. U.S.B memory is very cheap when compared to an actual Hard disk prices.

Advantage Of The U.S.B Flash Drive

The U.S.B flash drivers have many advantages like it cannot contain any moving parts , moving parts make it break. In the U.S.B flash drivers we can read and write the data's more than 1 million times.

The data's which are store in the U.S.B flash drivers are also very safe because it cannot be affected by dust and scratches. Now a days all the computer's contain a U.S.B port which connects your U.S.B flash driver to the computer. The U.S.B flash driver will work with all computer. All the computers can read and write the flash drive data's by the same command which are using for the disk drive. The U.S.B flash drivers are in very less weight and now a days it comes under key chains to carry easily.

Speed Of The U.S.B Flash Drive

The speed of the U.S.B flash drives as many of them boast transfer speeds of more than 30 Mbps and the reading speed will be 60 Mbps. In this speed the data transferring will made easy and we can finish the work very fast. If you use the U.S.B flash drives for presentations, graphs, music, business charts etc, it will access quickly within a minute.

If the U.S.B flash drives are used for back up the programs or large file size then it would take several minutes or it may take several hours to transfer the data's depending upon your file size.

Uses Of U.S.B Flash Drive

U.S.B flash drives used for store personal information's like music, videos, documents, pictures etc.

System administrator's are using their U.S.B flash drives for transfer recovery and anti virus software's to the affected computer's by the viruses.

Now a days audio players in a car also have an U.S.B port we can listen our favorite music from our U.S.B memory drives.

Computer Science

In 1958, Chaim Pekeris completed a landmark project in computer science. As a physicist at the Weizmann Institute of Technology in Israel, he become fascinated with the relatively new science of quantum mechanics and its potential to explain from first principles the behaviour of atoms.

There was a problem however. The equation developed by Schrodinger that could do the job was too complex for mere mortals to handle. Using it to determine the electronic energy levels of a even a lowly helium atom was seemingly impossible.

Chaim had an idea, however: why not exploit the incipient field of computer science to do the job.

Today, Christoph Koutschan and Doron Zeilberger analyse the work he carried out over several years and compare it to the approach that they would take to the problem today. It makes for interesting reading.

Chaim's task was monumental.

He first had to persuade the Wiezmann Institute and a technical committee including Einstein and Von Neumann, to build a computer. Einstein proved hard to persuade but was eventually won over by Von Neumann.

WEIZAC, Israel's first electronic computer was built between 1954 and 1954. According to Wikipedia, WEIZAC was an asynchronous computer operating on 40-bit words. Instructions consisted of 20-bits: an 8-bit instruction code and 12-bits for addressing. For a memory it had a magnetic drum that could store 1,024 words.

Today you'd get more processing power out of a washing machine.

Before the computer could get involved, Pekeris had to work out how to describe the two atoms and nucleus of a helium atom using the kind of recurring partial differential equations that a computer could handle.

The result was a remarkable 33-term equation which he derived by hand, a single calculation that Koutschan and Zeilberger estimate must have taken 20 person hours.

The computer than had to be programmed--in machine code. That means writing it entirely in 0s and 1s, for which he recruited help from an early self taught programmer called Yigal Accad.

This program then kept WEIZAC busy for months, eventually producing a set of tables describing the energy levels of a helium atom, the first time this had been done accurately..

So how has Moore's Law affected this process, ask Koutschan and Zeilberger.

They repeated Pekeris' project using the modern tools of computer science to see how they compare.

They say that the numeric computation--the work done by WEIZAC--can be completed in a fraction of a second on any laptop such as Pavilion dv9000(Hp dv9000 battery) and Hp PB991A.

They also point out that the programming is much easier too, thanks to the many high level programming languages available today. Few people these days have to mess around with machine code, thankfully.

But perhaps the most surprising thing is that the algebra for working out the differential equations can also be done much faster today using computer algebra programs such as Mathematica and Maple.

Koutschan and Zeilberger say they were able to condense this part of the project, which took Pekeris at least 20-hours, into a 2-hour session.

That's a fascinating study and counterintuitive in some ways too. While it's easy to see the many orders of magnitude improvement that has improved hardware, it's clear from this work that the speed up from software is more limited.

In particular, an order of magnitude improvement--from 20 hours to 2 hours--in the time it takes to do the algebra for this problem is a surprisingly small improvement over a 50 year period.

But given the nature of the problem, it's hard to imagine how further order of magnitude improvements can be possible. What kind of computer algebra software could allow a human to program it work out these kind of differential equations in minutes or seconds.

Of course the limiting factor here is not the software but the 'wetware'. Which means that the next generation of improvements will either have to focus on improving the wetware or taking it out of the loop entirely.